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Action/Kinetics:
Semisynthetic, acid-resistant penicillin that is hydrolyzed to the active ampicillin in the GI tract. Food does not affect absorption. 98% absorbed from the GI tract and approximately 20% plasma protein bound.
Peak serum levels: About 3 times equivalent doses of ampicillin after 0.9 hr.
Seventy-five percent is excreted in the urine as active ampicillin within 8 hr.
Uses:
Upper and lower respiratory tract infections (including acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis) caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus,
Staphylococcus pyogenes pneumococci, non-penicillinase-producing staphylococci, and
Haemophilus influenzae. UTIs caused by
Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and enterococci. Skin and skin structure infections caused by streptococci and susceptible staphylococci. Acute uncomplicated urogenital infections caused by
Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Contraindications:
History of penicillin allergy. Concomitant use with disulfiram (Antabuse).
Laboratory Test Alterations:
False + reaction to Clinitest, Benedict's solution, and Fehling's solution.
AST.
Drug Interactions:
Do not use concomitantly with disulfiram.
How Supplied:
Tablet: 400 mg;
Injection: 0.3 mg/mL
Dosage
?Tablets
Upper respiratory tract infections, otitis media, UTIs, skin and skin structure infections.
Adults: 400 mg q 12 hr;
pediatric, over 25 kg: 25 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses q 12 hr. Dose may be doubled in cases of lower respiratory tract infections, severe infections, or in treating less susceptible organisms.
Gonorrhea.
Males and females: 1.6 g with 1 g probenecid as a single dose. No pediatric dosage has been established.
