Ampicillin oral
Ampicillin oral (Omnipen, Polycillin, Principen)
Ampicillin
(am-pih-
SILL-in)
Pregnancy Category: B
Jaa Amp
Marcillin
Novo-Ampicillin
Omnipen
Penbritin
Principen
Totacillin
(Rx)
NOTE:The following Canadian drugs are ampicillin trihydrate: Apo-Ampi, Jaa Amp, Nu-Ampi, Pro-Ampi, Taro-Ampicillin.
Ampicillin with Probenecid
Ampicillin with Probenecid
Ampicillin with Probenecid
(am-pih-
SILL-in, proh-
BEN-ih-sid)
Pro-Biosan
(Rx)
Ampicillin sodium, parenteral
Ampicillin sodium, parenteral (Omnipen-N, Polycillin-N, Totacillin-N)
Ampicillin sodium, parenteral
(am-pih-
SILL-in)
Pregnancy Category: B
Ampicin
Omnipen-N
(Rx)
Classification:
Antibiotic, penicillin
See Also:
See also
Anti-Infectives and
Penicillins.
Content:
The Powder for Oral Suspension of Ampicillin with Probenecid contains 3.5 g ampicillin and 1 g probenecid per bottle.
Action/Kinetics:
Synthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic suitable for gram-negative bacteria. Acid resistant, destroyed by penicillinase. Absorbed more slowly than other penicillins. From 30% to 60% of PO dose absorbed from GI tract.
Peak serum levels: PO: 1.8-2.9 mcg/mL after 2 hr;
IM, 4.5-7 mcg/mL.
t
1/2: 80 min--range 50-110 min. Partially inactivated in liver; 25%-85% excreted unchanged in urine.
Uses:
Infections of respiratory, GI, and GU tracts caused by
Shigella, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Hemophilus influenzae, Proteus strains,
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis and
Enterococcus. Also, otitis media in children, bronchitis, rat-bite fever, and whooping cough. Penicillin G-sensitive staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci.
Additional Drug Interactions:
-
Allopurinol /
Skin rashes
-
Oral contraceptives/
Effect of ampicillin
How Supplied:
Ampicillin oral:
Capsule: 250 mg, 500 mg;
Powder for reconstitution: 125 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL.
Ampicillin with Probenecid: See Content.
Ampicillin sodium parenteral:
Powder for injection: 125 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, 1 g, 2 g, 10 g
Dosage
?Ampicillin: Capsules, Oral Suspension; Ampicillin Sodium: IV, IM
Respiratory tract and soft tissue infections.
PO: 20 kg or more: 250 mg q 6 hr;
less than 20 kg: 50 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses q 6-8 hr.
IV, IM: 40 kg or more: 250-500 mg q 6 hr;
less than 40 kg: 25-50 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses q 6-8 hr.
Bacterial meningitis.
Adults
and children: 150-200 mg/kg/day in divided doses q 3 to 4 hr. Initially give IV drip, followed by IM q 3 to 4 hr.
Bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis (dental, oral, or upper respiratory tract procedures).
Clients at moderate risk or those unable to take PO medications:
Adults, IM, IV: 2 g 30 min prior to procedure;
children: 50 mg/kg, 30 min prior to procedure. Clients at high risk:
Adults, IM, IV: 2 g ampicillin plus gentamicin, 1.5 mg/kg, given 30 min before procedure followed in 6 hr by ampicillin, 1 g IM or IV, or amoxicillin, 1 g PO.
Children, IM, IV: Ampicillin, 50 mg/kg, plus gentamicin, 1.5 mg/kg, 30 min prior to procedure followed in 6 hr by ampicillin, 25 mg/kg IM or IV, or amoxicillin, 25 mg/kg PO.
Septicemia.
Adults/children: 150-200 mg/kg/day, IV for first 3 days, then IM q 3-4 hr.
GI and GU infections, other than N. gonorrhea.
Adults/children, more than 20 kg: 500 mg PO q 6 hr. Use larger doses, if needed, for severe or chronic infections.
Children, less than 20 kg: 100 mg/kg/day q 6 hr.
N. gonorrhea infections.
PO: Single dose of 3.5 g given together with probenecid, 1 g.
Parenteral, Adults/children over 40 kg: 500 mg IV or IM q 6 hr.
Children, less than 40 kg: 50 mg/kg/day IV or IM in equally divided doses q 6 to 8 hr.
Urethritis in males caused by N. gonorrhea.
Parenteral, males over 40 kg: Two 500 mg doses IV or IM at an interval of 8 to 12 hr. Repeat treatment if necessary. In complicated gonorrheal urethritis, prolonged and intensive therapy is recommended.
?Ampicillin with Probenecid: Oral Suspension
Urethral, endocervical, or rectal infections due to N. gonorrhoeae.
Adults: 3.5 g ampicillin and 1 g probenecid as a single dose.
Prophylaxis of infection in rape victims.
3.5 g with 1 g probenecid. |