Enoxacin
Enoxacin (Penetrex)
Enoxacin
(ee- NOX-ah-sin)
Pregnancy Category: C Penetrex (Rx)

Classification: Antibacterial, fluoroquinolone derivative

See Also: See also Fluoroquinolones .

Action/Kinetics: Inhibits certain isozymes of the cytochrome P-450 hepatic microsomal enzyme system, resulting in alterations of metabolism of some drugs. Peak plasma levels: 0.83 mcg/mL 1-3 hr after a 200-mg dose and 2 mcg/mL 1-3 hr after a 400-mg dose. Mean peak plasma levels are 50% higher in geriatric clients than in young adults. Diffuses into the cervix, fallopian tubes, and myometrium at levels 1-2 times those seen in plasma and into kidney and prostate at levels 2-4 times those seen in plasma. t 1/2: 3-6 hr. More than 40% excreted unchanged through the urine.

Uses: To treat uncomplicated urethral or cervical gonorrhea due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae. To treat uncomplicated UTIs due Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis or S. saprophyticus; for complicated UTIs due to E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. epidermidis or Enterobacter cloacae. Not effective for syphilis.

Contraindications: Lactation.

Special Concerns: Safety and efficacy have not been determined in children less than 18 years of age. Dosage adjustment is not required in elderly clients with normal renal function. Not efficiently removed by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

Additional Side Effects: GI: Anorexia, bloody stools, gastritis, stomatitis. CNS: Confusion, nervousness, anxiety, tremor, agitation, myoclonus, depersonalization, hypertonia. Dermatologic: Toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome urticaria, hyperhidrosis, mycotic infection, erythema multiforme. CV: Palpitations, tachycardia, vasodilation. Respiratory: Dyspnea, cough, epistaxis. GU: Vaginal moniliasis, urinary incontinence, renal failure. Hematologic: Eosinophilia, leukopenia, increased or decreased platelets, decreased hemoglobin, leukocytosis. Miscellaneous: Glucosuria, pyuria, increased or decreased potassium, asthenia, back or chest pain, myalgia, arthralgia, purpura, vertigo, unusual taste, tinnitus, conjunctivitis.

Laboratory Test Alterations: ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin. Proteinuria, albuminuria.

Additional Drug Interactions: Bismuth subsalicylate / Bioavailability of enoxacin is when bismuth subsalicylate is given within 1 hr; should not use together Digoxin / Serum digoxin levels

How Supplied: Tablet: 200 mg, 400 mg

Dosage
?Tablets Uncomplicated gonorrhea.
Adults: 400 mg for one dose.
Uncomplicated UTIs, cystitis.
Adults: 200 mg q 12 hr for 7 days.
Complicated UTIs.
Adults: 400 mg q 12 hr for 14 days.