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Droperidol
Droperidol (Inapsine)
Droperidol
(droh-
PER-ih-dol)
Pregnancy Category: C
Inapsine
(Rx)
Classification:
Antipsychotic, butyrophenone; antianxiety agent
Action/Kinetics:
Causes sedation, alpha-adrenergic blockade, peripheral vascular dilation; has antiemetic properties. For other details, see
Haloperidol
[, and
Phenothiazines
][.
Onset (after IM, IV): 3-10 min.
Peak effect: 30 min.
Duration: 2-4 hr, although alteration of consciousness may last up to 12 hr.
t
1/2: 2.2 hr. Metabolized in the liver and excreted in both the feces and urine.
]
Uses:
Preoperatively; induction and maintenance of anesthesia. To relieve N&V; and reduce anxiety in diagnostic procedures or surgery. Neuroleptic analgesia. Antiemetic in cancer chemotherapy (used IV).
Special Concerns:
Use with caution during lactation; in the elderly, debilitated, or poor risk client; and in renal or hepatic impairment. Safety for use during labor has not been established. Safety and efficacy have not been established in children less than 2 years of age.
Side Effects:
CNS: Postoperative drowsiness (common), restlessness, hyperactivity, anxiety, dizziness, postoperative hallucinations; extrapyramidal symptoms (e.g., akathisia, dystonia, oculogyric crisis).
CV: Hypotension and tachycardia (common), increase in BP (when combined with fentanyl or other parenteral analgesics).
Respiratory:
Respiratory depression (when combined with fentanyl), laryngospasm, bronchospasm.
Miscellaneous: Chills, shivering.
Drug Interactions:
-
Anesthetics, conduction (e.g., spinal) / Peripheral vasodilation and hypotension
-
CNS depressants / Additive or potentiating effects
-
Narcotic analgesics /
 Respiratory depressant effects
How Supplied:
Injection: 2.5 mg/mL
Dosage
?IM
Preoperatively.
Adults: 2.5-10 mg 30-60 min before surgery (modify dosage in elderly, debilitated);
pediatric, 2-12 years, 88-165 mcg/kg.
Diagnostic procedures.
Adults: 2.5-10 mg 30-60 min before procedure;
then, if necessary,
IV, 1.25-2.5 mg.
?IV
Adjunct to general anesthesia.
Adults: 0.28 mg/kg with analgesic or anesthetic;
maintenance: 1.25-2.5 mg (total dose).
?IV (Slow) or IM
Adjunct to regional anesthesia.
Adults: 2.5-5 mg. |
