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Dexamethasone sodium phosphate
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (Decadron Phosphate)
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate
(dex-ah-
METH-ah-zohn)
Systemic: Dalalone
Decadron Phosphate
Decaject
Dexasone
Dexone
Hexadrol Phosphate
R.O.-Dexone
Solurex
(Rx).
Inhaler: Decadron Phosphate Respihaler
(Rx).
Nasal: Decadron Phosphate Turbinaire
(Rx).
Ophthalmic: AK-Dex
Decadron Phosphate Ophthalmic
Diodex
PMS-Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate
Spersadex
(Rx).
Otic: AK-Dex
Decadron
I-Methasone
(Rx).
Topical: Decadron Phosphate
(Rx)
Classification:
Glucocorticoid, synthetic
See Also:
See also
Corticosteroids
[.
]
Action/Kinetics:
Rapid onset and short duration of action.
Additional Uses
For IV or IM use in emergency situations when dexamethasone cannot be given PO. Intranasally for nasal polyps, allergic or inflammatory nasal conditions.
Contraindications:
Acute infections, persistent positive sputum cultures of
Candida albicans. Lactation.
Special Concerns:
Use during pregnancy only if benefits outweigh risks.
Side Effects:
Following inhalation: Nasal and nasopharyngeal irritation, burning, dryness, stinging, headache.
How Supplied:
Metered dose inhaler 0.1 mg/inh;
Injection: 4 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, 24 mg/mL;
Ophthalmic ointment: 0.05%;
Ophthalmic solution: 0.1%
Dosage
?IM, IV
Most uses.
Range: 0.5-9 mg/day (
1/3-
1/2 the PO dose q 12 hr).
Cerebral edema.
Adults, initial: 10 mg IV;
then, 4 mg IM q 6 hr until maximum effect obtained (usually within 12-24 hr). Switch to PO therapy (1-3 mg t.i.d.) as soon as feasible and then slowly withdraw over 5-7 days.
Shock, unresponsive.
Initial: either 1-6 mg/kg IV or 40 mg IV;
then, repeat IV dose q 2-6 hr as long as necessary.
?Intralesional, Intra-articular, Soft Tissue Injections
0.4-6 mg, depending on the site (e.g., small joints: 0.8-1 mg; large joints: 2-4 mg; soft tissue infiltration: 2-6 mg; ganglia: 1-2 mg; bursae: 2-3 mg; tendon sheaths: 0.4-1 mg.
?Metered Dose Inhaler
Bronchial asthma.
Adults, initial: 3 inhalations (84 mcg dexamethasone/inhalation) t.i.d.-q.i.d.;
maximum: 3 inhalations/dose; 12 inhalations/day.
Pediatric: initial, 2 inhalations t.i.d.-q.i.d.;
maximum: 2 inhalations/dose; 8 inhalations/day.
?Intranasal
Allergies, nasal polyps.
Adults: 2 sprays (total of 168 mcg dexamethasone) in each nostril b.i.d.-t.i.d. (maximum: 12 sprays/day);
pediatric, 6-12 years: 1-2 sprays (total of 84-168 mcg dexamethasone) in each nostril b.i.d. (maximum: 8 sprays/day).
?Ophthalmic Ointment
Instill a small amount of the ointment into the conjunctival sac t.i.d.-q.i.d. As response is obtained, reduce the number of applications.
?Ophthalmic Solution
Initial: Instill 1-2 gtt into the conjunctival sac q hr during the day and q 2 hr at night until response obtained. After a favorable response
reduce to 1 gtt q 4 hr and later 1 gtt t.i.d.-q.i.d.
?Otic Solution
3-4 gtt into the ear canal b.i.d.-t.i.d.
?Topical Cream
Apply sparingly to affected areas and rub in. |
