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Action/Kinetics:
Produces less respiratory depression and N&V; than morphine. Moderately habit-forming and constipating. Dosages over 60 mg often cause restlessness and excitement and irritate the cough center. In lower doses it is a potent antitussive and is an ingredient in many cough syrups.
Onset: 10-30 min.
Peak effect: 30-60 min.
Duration: 4-6 hr.
t
1/2: 3-4 hr. Codeine is two-thirds as effective PO as parenterally.
Uses:
Relief of mild to moderate pain. Antitussive to relieve chemical or mechanical respiratory tract irritation. In combination with aspirin or acetaminophen to enhance analgesia.
Contraindications:
Premature infants or during labor when delivery of a premature infant is expected.
Special Concerns:
May increase the duration of labor. Use with caution and reduce the initial dose in clients with seizure disorders, acute abdominal conditions, renal or hepatic disease, fever, Addison's disease, hypothyroidism, prostatic hypertrophy, ulcerative colitis, urethral stricture, following recent GI or GU tract surgery, and in the young, geriatric, or debilitated clients.
Additional Drug Interactions:
Combination with chlordiazepoxide may induce coma.
How Supplied:
Codeine Phosphate:
Injection: 30 mg/mL, 60 mg/mL;
Oral Solution: 15 mg/5 mL.
Codeine Sulfate:
Soluble Tablet: 30 mg, 60 mg;
Tablet: 15 mg, 30 mg, 60 mg
Dosage
?Oral Solution, Tablets, IM, IV, SC
Analgesia.
Adults: 15-60 mg q 4-6 hr, not to exceed 360 mg/day.
Pediatric, over 1 year: 0.5 mg/kg or 15 mg/m
2 q 4-6 hr. Do not give IV in children.
Antitussive.
Adults: 10-20 mg PO q 4-6 hr, not to exceed 120 mg/day.
Pediatric, 2-6 years: 2.5-5 mg PO q 4-6 hr, not to exceed 30 mg/day;
6-12 years: 5-10 mg PO q 4-6 hr, not to exceed 60 mg/day.
