[.
]Action/Kinetics:
Related to cisplatin. Acts by producing interstrand DNA cross-links; thought to be cell-cycle nonspecific. t1/2, initial: 1.1-2 hr; postdistribution: 2.6-5.9 hr. Not bound to plasma proteins, although platinum from carboplatin is irreversibly bound to plasma protein with a slow half-life (5 days). Eliminated unchanged in the urine at a rate related to CCR.
Uses:
Initial treatment of advanced ovarian cancer in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Palliative treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer either initially or previously treated with chemotherapy, including cisplatin. Investigational: Small cell lung carcinoma (in combination with etoposide); advanced or recurrent squamous cell tumors of the head and neck (in combination with fluorouracil); seminoma of testicular cancer; advanced endometrial cancer; relapsed or refractory acute leukemia.
Additional Contraindications:
History of severe allergy to mannitol or platinum compounds (including cisplatin). Severe bone marrow depression, significant bleeding, lactation.
Additional Side Effects:
Bone marrow suppression may be severe. Vomiting (common). Neurologic: Central neurotoxicity, peripheral neuropathies (more common in ages 65 and over), ototoxicity. GU: Nephrotoxicity (including increased BUN and serum creatinine). Electrolytes: Loss of calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium. Allergic: Rash, urticaria, pruritus, erythema; bronchospasm and hypotension (rare). Miscellaneous: Pain, alopecia, asthenia. CV, respiratory, mucosal side effects, anaphylaxis.
Laboratory Test Alterations:
Alkaline phosphatase, AST, total bilirubin.
Overdose Management:
Symptoms: Bone marrow suppression, hepatic toxicity. Treatment: Monitor bone marrow and liver function tests. Treat symptomatically.
Drug Interactions:
- Aluminum / Carboplatin can react with aluminum (e.g., needles, IV administration sets)
formation of a precipitate and loss of potency
- Phenytoin /
Serum levels of phenytoin loss of therapeutic effect
How Supplied:
Powder for injection: 50 mg, 150 mg, 450 mg
Dosage
•IV
Ovarian cancer, as a single agent.
360 mg/m2 q 4 weeks on day 1. Lower doses are recommended in clients with low CCR.
In combination with cyclophosphamide.
Carboplatin, 300 mg/m2 plus cyclophosphamide, 600 mg/m2, both on day 1 q 4 weeks for 6 cycles.
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